Multi-language engine¶

Catalog¶

catalog/problems.json is the single source of truth. Every algorithm and structure carries a shared test-vector set that is checked in all four languages.

Algorithms (10)	Data structures (6)
`two_sum`, `binary_search`, `merge_sort`, `quick_sort`	`stack`, `queue`, `linked_list`
`max_subarray`, `lcs`, `knapsack_01`, `edit_distance`	`bst`, `trie`, `min_heap`
`graph_bfs`, `graph_dfs`

engine/gen_tests.py expands these into identical per-language test vectors, which are committed so every tier runs the exact same dataset.

Language tiers¶

Tier	Location	Approach
Java	`languages/java/`	OO reference implementations
C++	`languages/cpp/`	modern C++17, RAII, iterators
Rust	`languages/rust/`	ownership-safe, zero dependencies
Python	`src/ads/`	regular + advanced (`*_advanced`, mypy strict)

Running the engine¶

python engine/runner.py check     # assert committed vectors match the catalog
python engine/runner.py build     # compile every tier (no execution)
python engine/runner.py test      # run the catalog suite in all 4 languages
python engine/runner.py bench     # benchmark all tiers, print comparison table

Sample benchmark¶

Microseconds, lower is better:

algorithm             Python        Java         C++        Rust
merge_sort           928,850      85,358      66,972      39,647
quick_sort           702,918      41,562      22,942      17,610
max_subarray         444,168      17,881       9,702          78
two_sum               32,847      30,393     582,269     659,066
lcs                  901,711      53,888      21,300      24,979
knapsack_01            1,595      25,732      17,617      23,390

Note

Languages may pick different strategies for the same problem — Java's two_sum uses a hash map while C++/Rust use a quadratic scan — so the table showcases trade-offs rather than an exact contest.

Per-language checks¶

# Python
uv run pytest -q
uv run ruff check src tests
uv run mypy -p algo_discovery -p ads -p synth -p gui

# Java
cd languages/java && javac -d out $(find src -name '*.java') && java -cp out ads.TestRunner

# C++
cd languages/cpp && g++ -std=c++17 -O2 -I include tests/test_runner.cpp -o build/runner && ./build/runner

# Rust
cd languages/rust && cargo test --quiet